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How do the indicators used by a city or metropolitan region differ from the global indicators1/28/2024 ![]() However, many others are not well understood and tend to bewilder readers or create “statistical overload” rather than accomplishing the intended purpose of improving understanding. Several global health indicators, such as infant mortality rate, are well known to health professionals working in both developed and developing countries. ![]() This overview and the accompanying glossary of global health indicators (see the online appendix at are intended to assist readers in understanding and interpreting summaries of global health statistics reported in professional journals and multinational publications, such as UNICEF's annual report, The State of the World's Children 4 (see text box). However, we also need indicators that are relevant to contemporary patterns of disease and their determinants. 3 Global monitoring of changes in the health of various populations requires the use of “tried and true” global health indicators. The most obvious example of such change relates to HIV/AIDS, but others include the re-emergence of tuberculosis as a global health problem, the emergence of new infectious diseases, the increase in violence and the occurrence of chronic diseases formerly thought to be of concern only in developed countries, such as coronary artery disease and cerebrovascular accidents. ![]() 2 At the same time, disease patterns and causes of death in less developed countries have changed markedly. 1 Unfortunately, in most of sub-Saharan Africa and some parts of South Asia, these reductions in mortality have stagnated or even reversed over the past decade. For example, the total number of deaths annually among children less than 5 years of age has been halved over the past 40 years. The health of people living in developing countries around the world has improved considerably over the past 2 decades.
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